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Titel
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Plasmabasierte Oberflächenmodifizierung von Holz und WPC-Verbundmaterialien und die Anwendung von elektromagnetischen Feldern für diese Materialien
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Kurztilel
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Plasma Coating for Wood - PlaCoW
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Dauer
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01.01.2015 - 31.12.2017
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Partner
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Tigres GmbH (Deutschland), IHD Institut für Holztechnologie Dresden gemeinnützige GmbH (Deutschland), INNOVENT e.V. (Deutschland), LLC “Tarnaya Baza” (Russland), LLC “Vakta” (Russland), Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building (Russland)
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Förderungsorganisationen
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Das Projekt wurde unterstützt von der deutschen AiF und der russischen FASIE im Rahmen der 14. Ausschreibung des EraSME-Netzwerks
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The aim of the project was to improve existing coating methods for wood and wood-polymer composites (WPC) through plasma-based surface modifications, with the sub-project:
Development of a high-performance jet plasma system for treating wood
The project partners were companies and research institutions from Germany and Russia, which worked together on the project to develop efficient, cost-effective and environmentally friendly coatings.
Wood accounts for a significant share of the global market for materials used in exterior and interior design, as it is versatile and aesthetically appealing. However, discolouration, cracking and the low fire resistance of wood require additional, expensive and time-consuming treatment processes, as these properties can compromise durability and safety. This not only results in higher costs, but also increases the amount of work involved.
Against this backdrop, innovative coating processes would improve resource efficiency by reducing material wear and extending service life, whilst at the same time enhancing product performance. Furthermore, this could open up new markets, as it broadens the range of applications for wood.
As one of six partners in this consortium, which consisted of small and medium-sized enterprises and research institutions, we contributed our respective expertise to the project in a targeted manner. From the outset, we worked closely together not only to further develop existing coating processes, but also to improve them in a sustainable manner. Together, we pursued the goal of developing innovative and economically viable solutions. In particular, we focused on optimising atmospheric plasma techniques, low-pressure plasma applications and electromagnetic field techniques, as these processes offer great potential for efficiency gains. We systematically investigated relevant process parameters and adapted the technologies specifically to practical requirements. Through close and continuous collaboration within the consortium, we were able to exploit synergies, ultimately creating the basis for innovative, practical and technologically advanced solutions.
The research activities focused on comparing different coating processes and analysing the resulting surface properties of different types of wood. The aim was to investigate how the respective technologies affect the structure, adhesion and functionality of the treated surface.
The most important marketable results were new processes for modifying wood surfaces and wood products with protective hydrophobic bactericidal and fungicidal coatings, improved properties and weather protection.
Atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJ) and sol-gel technologies were used to produce functional thin films on wood and WPC. APPJ enables the targeted deposition of functional layers, while sol-gel techniques were applied by dipping or spraying.
Various systems can be used as plasma systems for coating purposes.
Example here: CAT600-Duo technology
Coating tests were carried out on glass substrates and wood-based materials in order to develop improvements to existing coating methods for wood and wood-polymer composites (WPC) using plasma-based surface modifications.
In addition to established and common HMDSO coatings, project partner INNOVENT also deposited composite coatings on wood materials using the Plasma CAT600 system. In this process, additional functional agents were embedded in the HMDSO layer that was built up. The antibacterial properties were observed in Escherichia coli (gram-) and Staphylococcus aureus (gram+). The coatings were durable and still had a strong antibacterial effect even after 10,000 wash cycles, as leaching and abrasion tests showed¹.
The coating tests have shown that the Plasma CAT600 system is also suitable for regular practical use.
Based on the results obtained, the following coating matrix was created:
The results achieved so far in this project may be of interest to the following industries:
- Consumer goods (e.g. spectacle frames, watches, etc.)
- Healthcare and interior areas in public buildings (e.g. handrails, etc.)
- furniture marketplace
- WPC for outdoor use
- window manufacturing
¹Quelle: S. Gerullis u.a.: Antimikrobielle Beschichtungen auf Holz mittels Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Chemical Vapour Deposition – APCVD
